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Abstract : The effects of C and N on hydrogen embrittlement (HE) were investigated in 17Cr-10Ni-6Mn based stable austenitic stainless steels containing 0.2 wt% of either C or N. C and N increased tensile strength by solid solution hardening and high-density dislocation accumulation. C was more effective on further strengthening by active TWIP effect than N. The lattice expansion by C and N decreased hydrogen diffusivity and depth of hydrogenaffected zone, which increased the HE resistance. The HE resistance was further enhanced by C than N due to lower hydrogen diffusivity and crack severity and active cross slip by C.