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The use of hydrogen as a renewable resource will soon play a critical role in the decarbonization of a range of sectors, including current and emerging industries. To support the deployment of hydrogen-based technologies throughout the global ecosystem, it is important to consider how the transportation of hydrogen can be accomplished both safely and cost-effectively. Key examples include repurposing existing natural gas pipelines for the transportation of hydrogen (or hydrogen/natural gas blends) and establishing new networks for intermodal transportation of hydrogen via trucks, rail, barges, and ships as well as pipelines. However, the success of hydrogen as a viable renewable resource can only be guaranteed if a critical material challenge, i.e. hydrogen embrittlement, is overcome. This seminar will discuss several forms of hydrogen-associated damage in steels and associated embrittlement mechanisms, revealed by advanced measurement and characterization techniques. Challenges related to the utilization of steels for hydrogen storage and transportation will be introduced, along with recent research efforts to develop hydrogen-resistant steels through processing and metallurgical design. Several critical areas of potential research are also reviewed, related to the hydrogen compatibility of materials for hydrogen service applications.